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John IV Megas Komnenos ((ギリシア語:Ιωάννης Δ)΄ Μέγας Κομνηνός, ''Iōannēs IV Megas Komnēnos''), ( 1403 – 1460) was Emperor of Trebizond from 1429 until his death. He was a son of Emperor Alexios IV of Trebizond and Theodora Kantakouzene. == Early life == John had been designated ''despotes'', or heir apparent, by his father as early as 1417, but had come into conflict with his parents. According to a passage considered to be an interpolation in the history of Laonikos Chalkokondyles, he accused his mother Theodora of having an affair with an unnamed ''protovestiarios'', whom he killed, then held his parents captive in the citadel until the palace staff released them. John then fled to Georgia.〔Chalkokondyles, ''Histories'' II.219.12-222.21; discussed in Anthony Kaldellis, ("The Interpretations in the ''Histories'' of Laonikos Chalkokondyles" ), ''Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies'', 52 (2012), pp. 260-262〕 As a result, his brother Alexander was designated ''despotes'' in his place. While in Georgia John married Bagrationi, a daughter of King Alexander I, but he could not obtain sufficient support to establish himself in Trebizond. A Genoese document dated November 8, 1427 orders the consul at Caffa in the Crimea to keep on good terms with the Emperor of Trebizond for news of John arriving at Caffa had reached Genoa.〔William Miller, ''Trebizond: The last Greek Empire of the Byzantine Era: 1204-1461'', 1926 (Chicago: Argonaut, 1969), p. 82〕 Here he found a large vessel full of arms, and in exchange for appointing its owner his ''protostrator'' the vessel and its crew brought him home in 1429. 〔Chalkokondyles II.219-220; translated by Anthony Kaldellis, ''The Histories'' (Cambridge: Dumbarton Oaks Medieval Library, 2014), vol. 2 pp. 307〕 Landing at Saint Phokas (the modern Kordyle), John and his supporters made their base in the monastery. His father Alexios rode out with his retinue and camped nearby. An important family, the Kabasitai, offered to act as intermediaries; however, an interpolator of the ''History'' of Chalkokondyles, or Pseudo-Chalkokondyles,〔For a discussion of this source, see Kaldellis, "The Interpolations", pp. 259–283〕 states that they were John's "secret accomplices" for some of the Kabasitai had agreed to allow two of John's ''archontes'' into Emperor Alexios' tent, and once inside the ''archontes'' murdered Alexios around midnight. According to Pseudo-Chalkokondyles, John had instructed them to only bring his father to him, but the men thought John would be more grateful if they killed his father the Emperor, and did so. They learned they had misunderstood John's wishes: he had the eyes of one man put out and the hand of the other cut off.〔Chalkokondyles II.220; translated by Kaldellis, ''The Histories'', vol. 2 pp. 308f〕 Pero Tafur provides a detail at variance with the account of Pseudo-Chalkokondyles, for he reports that John became emperor with help of the Turkish Sultan.〔A. Vasiliev, "Tero Tafur, a Spanish Traveler of the XVth Century and His Visit to Constantinople, Trebizond, and Italy," ''Byzantion'', 7 (1932), p. 98〕 It may be both versions contain part of the truth: although John ascended to the throne on the murder of his father, it may be the Turkish Sultan provided John with financial or military support to return to Trebizond. John was recognized as emperor in Trebizond some time before 28 October 1429, the date of the first document that mentions him on the throne.〔Miller, ''Trebizond'', p. 83〕 His brother Alexander was afterwards exiled to Constantinople, where the Spanish Ambassador Tafur met him eight years later. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John IV of Trebizond」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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